What does “tensile strength” refer to in conductors?

Tensile strength in conductors specifically refers to the maximum amount of tensile (pulling) stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before failing or breaking. This property is crucial for materials used in electrical conductors because it ensures that the conductor can handle mechanical stresses that may occur during installation, operation, or environmental changes.

When conductors are installed, especially in overhead power lines, they are subjected to tension from their own weight, wind, ice accumulation, and other factors. Therefore, having a high tensile strength means that the conductors can maintain their structural integrity under these conditions. This capability is vital for the reliability and safety of electrical systems.

While the other options mention properties of conductors, they do not pertain to tensile strength. The ability to conduct electricity and resistance to electrical flow relate to the material's electrical characteristics, and thermal resistance concerns the ability to withstand heat without degradation, none of which define tensile strength.